Biopolymers and Biomaterials

Conductive Polymers for Wearable Sensors

Conductive polymers are driving rapid advancements in wearable sensor technology by combining electrical functionality with flexibility, lightness, and biocompatibility. These materials enable seamless integration into textiles, patches, and skin-contact devices that monitor physiological signals such as heart rate, muscle activity, hydration levels, and temperature. Their ability to maintain conductivity under stretching, bending, and repeated motion makes them ideal for health tracking, fitness monitoring, and medical diagnostics. Conductive polymers can be engineered to detect subtle biological changes and convert them into measurable electrical outputs, enabling real-time, non-invasive monitoring. Recent developments focus on enhancing durability, improving sensitivity, and incorporating self-healing and washable features. These materials also play an essential role in soft robotics, human–machine interfaces, and flexible electronics. As wearable technology expands into personalized healthcare and continuous monitoring systems, conductive polymers provide the foundation for creating responsive, comfortable, and highly functional sensor platforms that align with modern lifestyle demands.